Solution M
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CSS Military Applications
Economics and construction are important for military facilities, but more important is the protection. Comparing CSS with concrete protection facilities, the concrete progresses from cracking to crushing depending on the intensity of the impact energy applied to the structure due to the explosion, while the steel, CSS, is transformed into a deformation under the same conditions. That is, concrete exhibits considerable resistance to static compressive forces, but not to momentary impacts such as explosions. In addition, concrete is more likely to be damaged by debris from internal debris, but CSS does not have this secondary hazard or is extremely low.
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Through experiments and FEA in 2002, 1m of circular CSS assembled with CSS steel 3.2mm was formed, and a 155mm shell (TNT 15 lbs) was exploded on top of it, resulting in deformation of the ceiling area downward. However, Of the total. If the concrete is 400mm thick under the same conditions, large cracks and debris caused by the backside rupture may damage internal personnel and equipment.
In conclusion, the thickness of CSS is thin, but it is processed with a certain corrugation profile, and the cross-sectional shape of the structure is circular or arch, so that if it is properly covered, it shows that it has more protection than concrete.
In a military protective structure, a bomb can penetrate a structure and explode inside. In some cases, critical structures are designed assuming direct penetration by bombs. However, most general military structures are designed for the near-end explosion considering the economical efficiency.
In case of explosion on the ground, storm due to explosion and debris are generated but storm due to explosion which can usually be quantitatively predicted is used as a design parameter. The storm effect is divided into "Blast overpressure" and "Impulse", and one of them is used as a design variable depending on the situation.
On the other hand, when the explosion occurs in the ground, "Crater" is formed according to the depth of explosion, and the storm becomes dominant or "Ground shock" becomes dominant and it affects the structure. If the explosion distance is the same, "Tamping effect "The effect of the underground explosion on the structure can be greater.
The CSS ECM has the advantage of being able to construct economically with a high-thickness cover against the concrete ECM. Therefore, the load transmitted to the structure, whether it is a ground explosion or an underground explosion, will be mainly a "ground shock", so the ground impact is emphasized in consideration of the resistance behavior of the structure to the explosion.
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DAEDOTech Co., Ltd @Copyright
DAEDOTech Co., Ltd @Copyright
DESIGN CODE The protection facilities using CSS ECM (Earth Covered Magazine) and CSS are designed and supplied in accordance with the National Defense Design Standard in Korea and US design standard (UFC, ASTM).
Ref. Website: https://www.wbdg.org/building-types/ammunition-explosive-magazines
APPLICATIONS CSS protection facilities have been applied to hangars, K-9 artillery shelter, 81 mm mortar shelter, radar shelter, as well as ECM, and also to civilian shelters.
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CONDENSATION The CSS ECM has improved ammunition storage efficiency and protection performance compared to conventional RC ammunition, and solved condensation problems through condensation studies. It is also an environmentally friendly high-tech ammunition that can reduce carbon dioxide emissions and be recyclable.
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CSS Barrier The small units of the platoon units that border the enemies and the forefront of the battlefield are built around prefabricated houses and do not have their own protective performance. In accordance with the present situation, it is a reality to install military houses barriers by using earthen walls, waste tires or waste drums (In Korea).
These existing barriers are exposed to enemy mortar threats and can not be expected to have protective performance, and because the height of barrier is low in the enemy howitzer, the protection against the quadrant roofs can not be expected. This is not only dangerous to direct hit, but also can cause large-scale casualties in close-up explosion.
In the recent construction of 00 site, the background of CSS Barrier has more protection than reinforced concrete, and the construction period is fast, and secondary damage (back surface crushing) that occurs when the enemy is bombarded does not occur. The characteristics of CSS Barriers are as follows.
○In the case of RC barrier, second damage is caused by back breaking due to shelling. However, the CSS Barrier ensures survival ability by securing protection against inside fragment.
○ Suitable for mountainous terrain, off-road as a remote location, winter and rainy season.
○ Shortened construction time (50% of concrete) due to no need for formwork, scaffolding, RC curing
○ The quality is excellent through factory inspection and pre-quality inspection.
In addition, it is easy to maintain and repair in case of damage, and is excellent in economy.
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